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Pinus edulis Engelm.

Pinyon pine, two-needle pinyon, piñon, twoneedle piñon

KingdomPlantaePlants, but not fungi, lichens, or algae
SubkingdomTracheobiontaVascular plants—plants with a “circulatory system” for delivering water and nutrients
DivisionConiferophytaConifers—cone-bearing trees (and a few shrubs)
ClassPinopsidaGymnosperms such as cedars, Douglas-firs, cypresses, firs, junipers, kauri, larches, pines, hemlocks, redwoods, spruces, and yews
OrderPinalesCone-bearing plants: cedar, cypress, fir, juniper, larch, pine, redwood, spruce, yew, and others
FamilyPinaceaePine family: cedars, firs, hemlocks, larches, pines and spruces
GenusPinusLatin for “pine”
Speciesedulis“Edible,” since the nuts in the cones are edible

About plant names...

Pinyon (piñon) pines are natives of the western United States. Pinyon and Juniper forests have spread throughout many regions in the American southwest.

Identification: Trees are typically about 10-20′ (3-6.1 m) tall. The crown is dense, conical or rounded. Typically there are two blue-green needles per group, but sometimes 1 or 3. Needles are upwardly curved, about 1¼″ (3.2 cm) long. Needles have 2 or 3 sides, depending on the number of needles in the group. Cones are oval to round, yellowish to red-brown, up to 1¼″ (3.2 cm) around. Pinyon pines favor dry mountain slopes and plateaus, at elevations of 4921-6890′ (1.5-2.1 km), rarely up to 1.7 mi (2.7 km).

For further information, see the Pinus comparison tables.

Online References:

The Gymnosperm Database

Wikipedia

CalPhotos

Wikimedia Commons

The USDA Forest Service's Fire Effects Information Database

The Virginia Tech Department of Forest Resources and Environmental Conservation

The USDA Forest Service's Silvics of North America site

Plants for a Future, a resource and information centre for edible and otherwise useful plants

Vascular Plants of the Gila Wilderness

The Jepson Manual

References:

Sibley, David Allen, The Sibley Guide to Trees, Alfred A. Knopf, 2009, p. 12

Pinus cembroides Zucc. var. edulis (Engelm.) Voss

 

Pinus edulis description by Thomas H. Kent, last updated 25 May 2020.

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Pinus edulis (pinyon pine, two-needle pinyon, piñon, twoneedle piñon)

8/26/2014 · El Malpais Information Center, National Parks Service, El Malpais, New Mex­ico · ≈ 11 × 7″ (28 × 18 cm)

Pinus edulis (pinyon pine, two-needle pinyon, piñon, twoneedle piñon)

8/26/2014 · Sandstone Bluffs, Rte. 117, El Malpais National Monument, New Mex­ico · ≈ 9 × 6″ (23 × 16 cm)

Pinus edulis (pinyon pine, two-needle pinyon, piñon, twoneedle piñon)

5/31/2009 · Grand Canyon, North Rim, Ari­zona · ≈ 7 × 4½′ (2.2 × 1.5 m)

Pinus edulis (pinyon pine, two-needle pinyon, piñon, twoneedle piñon)

8/26/2014 · El Malpais Information Center, National Parks Service, El Malpais, New Mex­ico · ≈ 12 × 8″ (31 × 21 cm)

Pinus edulis (pinyon pine, two-needle pinyon, piñon, twoneedle piñon)

8/26/2014 · Sandstone Bluffs, Rte. 117, El Malpais National Monument, New Mex­ico · ≈ 11 × 7″ (28 × 18 cm)

Range: Zones 3-8:

About this map...