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Prenanthes trifoliolata (Cass.) Fernald

Gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle

KingdomPlantaePlants, but not fungi, lichens, or algae
SubkingdomTracheobiontaVascular plants—plants with a “circulatory system” for delivering water and nutrients
DivisionMagnoliophytaFlowering plants, also known as angiosperms
ClassMagnoliopsidaDicotyledons—plants with two initial seed leaves
SubclassAsteridaeA large class that encompasses asters
OrderAsteralesFlowering plants with a central disk flower and surrounding petals, like daisies
FamilyAsteraceaeThe aster family, which also includes daisies and sunflowers; from the Greek ἀστήρ, “star,” for the star-shaped flowers
GenusPrenanthesFrom Greek prenes, “prone, prostrate, with face downward,” and anthos, “flower”
Speciestrifoliolata“Three-leaved”

About plant names...

Gall-of-the-earth is a North American native. It favors dry woodlands.

Plants: 12-59″ (30-150 cm) high, with green stems sometimes mottled with purple. They often branch into multiple flower stalks at the top.

Leaves: 1-4½″ (3-12 cm) × ⅜-6″ (1-15 cm), deltate, hastate, or ovate. No two leaves look the same. The leaves have fairly long petioles, and the portion of the stem close to each leaf is winged.

Flowers: Cream-colored, sometimes tinged with green or pink. Maybe it is just coincidence, but every time I see them, the flowers look kind of frumpy. They are trumpet-shaped and nodding, like little bells. Flowers appear from September to October.

Online References:

Discover Life

Www.jeffpippen.com

The Connecticut Botanical Society's Connecticut wildflowers site

The Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center

Nametheplant.net (Native & Naturalized Plants of the Carolinas and Georgia)

EFloras

References:

Clemants, Steven; Gracie, Carol, Wildflowers in the Field and Forest, Oxford University Press, 2006, p. 294

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

7/20/2010 · Nashua River Rail Trail, Ayer, Mass­a­chu­setts · ≈ 3 × 4½″ (7.9 × 11 cm) ID is uncertain

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

7/25/2013 · Beaver Brook Assn Conservation Lands, Rte. 130, Hollis, New Hamp­shire · ≈ 8 × 6″ (20 × 14 cm)

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

7/20/2010 · Nashua River Rail Trail, Ayer, Mass­a­chu­setts · ≈ 10 × 15″ (26 × 39 cm) ID is uncertain

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

8/14/2010 · Nashua River Boat Ramp, Rte. 119, Groton, Mass­a­chu­setts · ≈ 9 × 6″ (23 × 15 cm) ID is uncertain

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

8/25/2019 · Blue Trail, Willard Brook State Park, Ashby, Mass­a­chu­setts

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

8/25/2019 · Blue Trail, Willard Brook State Park, Ashby, Mass­a­chu­setts

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

8/28/2021 · Otter Brook Preserve, Harpswell, Maine · ≈ 3 × 4½″ (7.9 × 11 cm)

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

8/2/2010 · Beaver Brook Association Conservation Lands, Rte. 130, Hollis, New Hamp­shire · ≈ 2½ × 3½″ (6.6 × 9.8 cm) ID is uncertain

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

8/28/2021 · Otter Brook Preserve, Harpswell, Maine · ≈ 9 × 6″ (22 × 15 cm)

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

8/2/2010 · Beaver Brook Association Conservation Lands, Rte. 130, Hollis, New Hamp­shire · ≈ 7 × 11″ (18 × 27 cm) ID is uncertain

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

8/14/2009 · Nashua River Rail Trail, East Pepperell, Mass­a­chu­setts · ≈ 8 × 12″ (20 × 31 cm)

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

6/2/2013 · Beaver Brook Assn Conservation Lands, Rte. 130, Hollis, New Hamp­shire · ≈ 7 × 10″ (16 × 25 cm)

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

9/7/2013 · Beech Hill, Dublin, New Hamp­shire · ≈ 9 × 6″ (22 × 15 cm)

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

7/31/2015 · Willard Brook State Park, Blue Trail, Ashby, Mass­a­chu­setts · ≈ 6 × 9″ (16 × 23 cm)

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

7/31/2015 · Willard Brook State Park, Blue Trail, Ashby, Mass­a­chu­setts · ≈ 8 × 6″ (20 × 14 cm)

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

7/24/2023 · Tarbox Preserve, Topsham, Maine

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

8/14/2009 · Nashua River Rail Trail, East Pepperell, Mass­a­chu­setts · ≈ 6 × 9″ (15 × 23 cm)

Nabalus trifoliolatus Cass.

 

Prenanthes trifoliolata description by Thomas H. Kent, last updated 17 Oct 2023.

© FloraFinder.org. All rights reserved.


 

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

8/14/2010 · Nashua River Boat Ramp, Rte. 119, Groton, Mass­a­chu­setts · ≈ 8 × 5″ (19 × 13 cm) ID is uncertain

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

9/7/2013 · Beech Hill, Dublin, New Hamp­shire · ≈ 9 × 6″ (23 × 16 cm)

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

8/25/2019 · Blue Trail, Willard Brook State Park, Ashby, Mass­a­chu­setts

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

6/4/2021 · Robert P. Tristram Coffin Wild Flower Reservation, Woolwich, Maine · ≈ 8 × 5″ (20 × 13 cm)

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

9/7/2013 · Beech Hill, Dublin, New Hamp­shire · ≈ 9 × 6″ (22 × 15 cm)

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

7/20/2010 · Nashua River Rail Trail, Ayer, Mass­a­chu­setts · ≈ 3 × 4½″ (7.9 × 11 cm) ID is uncertain

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

8/25/2019 · Blue Trail, Willard Brook State Park, Ashby, Mass­a­chu­setts

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

7/24/2023 · Tarbox Preserve, Topsham, Maine

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

7/24/2023 · Tarbox Preserve, Topsham, Maine

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

8/2/2010 · Beaver Brook Association Conservation Lands, Rte. 130, Hollis, New Hamp­shire · ≈ 9 × 14″ (23 × 35 cm) ID is uncertain

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

7/20/2010 · Nashua River Rail Trail, Ayer, Mass­a­chu­setts · ≈ 6 × 9″ (14 × 22 cm) ID is uncertain

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

7/25/2013 · Beaver Brook Assn Conservation Lands, Rte. 130, Hollis, New Hamp­shire · ≈ 8 × 5″ (19 × 12 cm)

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

9/4/2016 · Willard Brook State Park, Blue T, Ashby, Mass­a­chu­setts ID is uncertain

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

9/4/2016 · Willard Brook State Park, Blue T, Ashby, Mass­a­chu­setts ID is uncertain

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

9/7/2013 · Beech Hill, Dublin, New Hamp­shire · ≈ 8 × 5″ (19 × 13 cm)

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

7/31/2015 · Willard Brook State Park, Blue Trail, Ashby, Mass­a­chu­setts · ≈ 6 × 9″ (16 × 23 cm)

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

7/20/2010 · Nashua River Rail Trail, Ayer, Mass­a­chu­setts · ≈ 8 × 12″ (20 × 31 cm) ID is uncertain

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

7/24/2023 · Tarbox Preserve, Topsham, Maine

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

6/4/2021 · Robert P. Tristram Coffin Wild Flower Reservation, Woolwich, Maine · ≈ 8 × 5″ (20 × 13 cm)

Prenanthes trifoliolata (gall of the earth, three-leaved rattlesnake-root, three-leaved rattle)

9/7/2013 · Beech Hill, Dublin, New Hamp­shire · ≈ 9 × 6″ (23 × 16 cm)

Range:

About this map...